基于大型底栖动物对山溪性强潮河流的水质健康评价———以椒江干流为例
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摘要：
山溪性强潮河流是我国东南沿海典型的河流类型，由于受到潮汐影响,水体稳定性差，交换频繁，河流的健康状况较难准确评估。以浙东沿海椒江干流为研究对象，通过分析底栖动物群落分布及组成，系统评估椒江干流的水质健康情况，为山溪性强潮河流的水质健康评价提供了借鉴意义。研究表明，山溪性河段(上游)与感潮河段(下游)的底栖动物均以节肢动物门为主，上游和下游底栖动物平均密度分别为 131 ind·m-2和 26 ind·m-2,平均生物量分别为 11.43 g·m-2和 0.12 g·m-2。同时，优势种也呈现出显著的空间差异，上游河段优势种为昆虫纲四节蜉属(Baetis sp.)和多足摇蚊属(Polypedilum sp.)；下游感潮河段的优势种为多毛纲齿吻沙蚕属(Nephtys sp.)和十足目长臂虾属(Palaemon sp.).进一步分析底栖动物 Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou 均匀度指数、BI指数和 BMWP 指数,结果表明上游河段水质较下游河段优良，分析其原因为下游区域城镇化水平较高，人为干扰对河流影响较大，同时在潮汐作用下，底栖动物栖息环境较不稳定。综上所述，底栖动物群落结构能较好反映山溪性强潮河流的生境差异，可以作为此类河流水质健康状况的重要指示生物。
In southeastern coastal regions of China, a macro-tidal estuary with a mountain stream is a kind of typical river ecosystems, Due to tidal effects, these water bodies exhibit limited stability and frequent water exchange, Consequently, conventional methods for assessing water quality are hard to evaluate in these rivers. In order to develop an appropriate method for these rivers, this study emploved macroinvertebrate community structure to evauate water quality in the jiaojiang River.The results revealed that the dominant taxon in both upstream( mountain stream) and downstream(macro-tidal estuary) was arthropods, The average density of macroinvertebrates in the upstream and downstream was 131 ind·m-2 and 26 ind·m-2, respectively, with an average biomass of 11.43 g.m-2 and 0.12g·m-2 ,respectively, Notably, significant spatial differences were observed in the dominant taxa. In the upstream, the dominant taxa were Baetis sp. and Polypedilum sp., while in the downstream, the dominant taxa were Nephtys sp. and Palaemon sp. Furthermore, the analysis of biological indices, including Shannon- Wiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index, Bl index, and BMWP index, indicated a better water quality in the upstream compared with the downstream, This result was attributed to a higher degree of urbanization in the downstream region. Moreover, tidal effects further disrupted the habitat of macroinvertebrates in the downstream.In conclusion, macroinvertebrate communities directly reflects habitat variations in the fiaoiang River, providing a reliable indicator of water quality for a macrotidal estuary with a mountain stream.
作者:
王斌梁，蓝轩，叶潞洁，毛维浩，殷豪，徐泓
Wang Binliang, Lan Xuan, Ye Lujie , Mao Weihao, Yin Hao, Xu Hong
机构地区：
绍兴文理学院生命与环境科学学院；杭州英瓦洛环境科技有限公司；浙江省生态环境监测中心
引用本文：
王斌梁，蓝轩，叶潞洁等。基于大型底栖动物对山溪性强潮河流的水质健康评价[J].学报(自然科学版),2025,53(6): 44-51.( Wang Binliang, Lan Xuan, Ye Lujie,et al.Application of benthic macroinvertebrates in evaluating water quality health of a macro-tidal estuary with a mountain stream： A case study of the Jiaojiang River[J].Journal of Henan Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2025,53(6):44-51.DOI:10.16366/j.cnki.1000-2367.2024.06.18.0003.)
基金：
浙江省自然科学基金
关键词：
山溪性强潮河流;大型底栖动物;生物多样性;河流健康
macro-tidal river; benthic macroinvertebrates; biodiversity; ecological health
分类号：
Q-9
基于大型底栖动物对山溪性强潮河流的水质健康评价—以椒江干流为例.pdf